基于Stereo Lithography文件和有限元法的在轨航天器关键部件热计算

针对STL(Stereo Lithography)文件在传递复杂几何实体模型信息方面具有精度高的特点,提出了一种基于STL文件计算复杂结构角系数和外热流的方法。给出了有限元网格离散和边界识别方法。根据单元和节点的拓扑关系进行辐射换热计算。利用有限元法计算辐射换热角系数和外热流。最后利用有限元法计算航天器关键部件在轨的三维瞬态温度场,并进行了计算效率和误差分析。     

Low-voltage CMOS Folded-cascode Mixer

The folded-cascode structure is used to realize the low-voltage low-power consumption mixer, whose performance parameters have big influence on the navigation radio receiver's performance. Adopting the folded-cascode structure, the folded-cascode mixer (FCM) has a lower power supply voltage of 1.2 V and realizes the design trade-offs among the high transconductance, high linearity and low noise. The difficulties of realizing the trade-offs between the linearity and noise performance, the linearity and conversion gain, the conversion gain and noise performance are reduced. Fabricated in an radio frequency (RF) 0.18 μm CMOS process, the FCM has an active area of about 200 μm ×150 μm and consumes approximate 3.9 mW. The test results show that the FCM features a conversion gain (Gc) of some 14.5 dB, an input 1 dB compression point (Pin-1dB) of almost -13 dBm and a dual sideband (DSB) noise figure of around 12 dB. The FCM can be applied to the navigation radio receivers and electronic systems for aviation and aerospace or other related fields.     

Monocular Vision-based Two-stage Iterative Algorithm for Relative Position and Attitude Estimation of Docking Spacecraft

Visual sensors are used to measure the relative state of the chaser spacecraft to the target spacecraft during close range rendezvous phases. This article proposes a two-stage iterative algorithm based on an inverse projection ray approach to address the relative position and attitude estimation by using feature points and monocular vision. It consists of two stages: absolute orientation and depth recovery. In the first stage, Umeyama's algorithm is used to fit the three-dimensional (3D) model set and estimate the 3D point set while in the second stage, the depths of the observed feature points are estimated. This procedure is repeated until the result converges. Moreover, the effectiveness and convergence of the proposed algorithm are verified through theoretical analysis and mathematical simulation.     

基于直升机/发动机非线性综合仿真模型的ALQR控制器设计

构建了UH-60A直升机六自由度非定常、非线性气动力模型以及完整的直升机/涡轴发动机非线性综合仿真模型。使用增广LQR方法设计了直升机飞行控制器,包线内大量仿真结果及与 控制器效果的对比表明该控制器解耦性能、指令跟踪性能优越,鲁棒性强。此外,该控制器设计过程简单和调参方便。借助上述综合仿真模型研究了发动机闭环系统与直升机的功率匹配关系,数字仿真表明,发动机能够满足直升机机常规飞行任务下的功率需求,功率涡轮转速下垂量满足直升机飞行操纵品质规范（ADS-33E）的要求。     

Low C/N_0 Carrier Tracking Loop Based on Optimal Estimation Algorithm in GPS Software Receivers

Suppressing jitter noises in a phase locked loop(PLL) is of great importance in order to keep precise and continuous track of global positioning system(GPS) signals characterized by low carrier-to-noise ratio(C/N0).This article proposes and analyzes an improved Kalman-filter-based PLL to process weak carrier signals in GPS software receivers.After reviewing the optimal-bandwidth-based traditional second-order PLL,a Kalman-filter-based estimation algorithm is implemented for the new PLL by decorrelating the model error noises and the measurement noises.Finally,the efficiency of this new Kalman-filter-based PLL is verified by experimental data.Compared to the traditional second-order PLL,this new PLL is in position to make correct estimation of the carrier phase differences and Doppler shifts with less overshoots and noise disturbances and keeps an effective check on the disturbances out of jitter noises in PLL.The results show that during processing normal signals,this improved PLL reduces the standard deviation from 0.010 69 cycle to 0.007 63 cycle,and for weak signal processing,the phase jitter range and the Doppler shifts can be controlled within ±17° and ±5Hz as against ±25° and ±15 Hz by the traditional PLL.     

气动舵/侧向脉冲推力复合控制导弹最优控制及输出反馈问题研究(英文)

针对气动舵/侧向脉冲推力复合控制导弹,设计了复合控制自动驾驶仪,其包含最优控制器和控制分配两部分。应用最优/经典综合控制法设计的最优控制器用于求解虚拟控制量;控制分配模块将虚拟力矩分配到冗余的作动器上。该复合控制器结构简单,跟踪性能好,具有鲁棒性,并能考虑对作动器的实际约束。基于该复合控制自动驾驶仪,发现采用总加速度为反馈时系统的稳定性和跟踪快速性之间的矛盾严重。为解决这一问题,剔除总加速度中的瞬时影响因素,采用攻角产生的加速度作为反馈,仿真结果表明攻角产生的加速度作为反馈时系统具有更好的快速性。最后针对如何得到合理的加速度反馈进行了简要的讨论,结果表明将总加速度通过低通滤波器后再作为反馈,也可以获得良好的跟踪性能。     

微小型涡喷发动机转子涡动控制方法研究

针对微小型涡喷发动机转子系统的涡动以及稳定性问题,提出了一种涡动控制方法,并通过试验验证了该方法的有效性。该方法主要通过轴向预紧力或波形弹簧压缩量、波形弹簧刚度、转子转速、转子质量以及不平衡量信息在标量系统中利用能量相等原理,计算衰减涡动需要的库仑阻尼垫片厚度、数量以及安装形式,结合阻尼橡胶对转子的外阻尼进行调节并装配结构,从而精确控制发动机转子的涡动幅值以达到微小型涡轮喷气发动机在较高转速下稳定工作的要求。     

旋转爆轰的三维数值模拟

旋转爆轰利用爆轰波在燃烧室的供气端传播,而爆轰产物从另一端排出。为了揭示其宏观特性,采用带化学反应的三维Euler方程,在贴体坐标系中,利用带限制函数的波传播算法,对圆环形燃烧室内的旋转爆轰进行了数值研究,讨论了爆轰传播过程中的波系结构。数值结果表明,即使仅在燃烧室内壁面的部分区域充入可燃气,爆轰波也能够以旋转方式在该区域稳定传播。     

动态直视系统的设计与应用

本文以火箭模型为例,着重介绍飞行器飞行的过程以图象的方式在SGID4/25G工作站上实时地显示出来。     

太阳电池阵布局对微小卫星结构特性影响

通过对比某型号微小卫星两种体装式太阳电池阵布局及连接方式,从结构响应灵敏度的角度分析了结构的阻尼对整星顶板太阳敏感器测点加速度响应的影响程度。同时对两种方案整星的正弦振动试验结果对比分析,结果显示:减少侧板固定连接点且增加电池片数量的方案使其顶板部分测点响应超出了设备试验条件,且比初始设计方案测点的响应高出了27.1%,纵向和横向一阶频率均有不同程度的降低。因此,从结构特性的角度来看,初始设计方案更为合理。